Poloxamer 407
Poloxamer 407 is a large synthetic block copolymer molecule (CAS# 9003-11-6) composed of a central oil-loving block (from propylene oxide units) flanked by two water-loving blocks (from ethylene oxide units), with the water-soluble portion making up approximately 70% of the molecule. Because it is partly water- and partly oil-soluble, it acts as a surface-active agent functioning as an emulsifier and/or cleanser. It is used primarily as a solubilizer — enabling small amounts of oil-loving ingredients such as essential oils to dissolve in water-based formulas — and as a gelling and body-giving agent. Among the poloxamers commonly used in cosmetics, Poloxamer 407 is noted as the most effective gelling agent.
Poloxamer 407 solubilizes oil-loving ingredients in water-based formulations, improving formula clarity and stability. It also functions as a gelling agent, providing texture and body to cosmetic and personal care products. Its surface-active properties additionally allow it to serve as an emulsifier and mild cleanser.
