Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Leaf Extract
Hamamelis Virginiana Extract is derived from the witch hazel plant (a small North American tree), typically using the bark, twigs, and/or leaves. Its main biologically active components are hamamelitannin (astringent and antioxidant), catechins (anti-inflammatory and antioxidant), and gallic acid (antibacterial). Different plant parts and extraction methods yield extracts with significantly varying concentrations of these actives. Some preparations contain added alcohol (e.g., distillates per USP spec at 14%), while alcohol-free versions also exist.
Witch Hazel Extract provides astringent, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties to the skin. It acts as a vasoconstrictor and may promote healing of broken skin by tightening skin proteins to form a protective covering. A clinical observational study in children found Hamamelis ointment to be similarly effective to panthenol ointment for soothing skin, and even better tolerated.
Preparations containing alcohol (e.g., some distillates with 14% added alcohol per USP spec) may be drying or skin-damaging with repeated use. High tannin content (particularly from bark-heavy extracts) may cause skin sensitization in some individuals. The INCI name "Hamamelis Virginiana Extract" is non-specific, making it difficult to determine the exact composition, alcohol content, or plant part used from the label alone. Contains trace amounts of eugenol, a known fragrance allergen, though the source notes the amount is likely too small to be significant.
