Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Extract
Hamamelis Virginiana Extract, also known as Witch Hazel Extract, is derived from the whole plant of Hamamelis virginiana (family Hamamelidaceae), a small North American tree. Its key biologically active components include hamamelitannin (astringent and antioxidant), catechins (anti-inflammatory and antioxidant), and gallic acid (antibacterial). The extract can be produced from different plant parts (bark, twigs, leaves) and via different extraction methods, resulting in varying compositions and properties. Some formulations may contain added alcohol (e.g., distillates per USP specifications), while alcohol-free versions also exist.
Witch Hazel Extract provides astringent, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties to the skin. It acts as a vasoconstrictor and promotes healing of broken skin by tightening skin proteins to form a protective covering. A clinical observational study in children found Hamamelis ointment to be similarly effective to panthenol ointment for soothing skin, and even better tolerated.
Formulations containing alcohol (e.g., witch hazel distillate with 14% added alcohol per USP specs) may be drying or skin-damaging; check the ingredient list for alcohol-free versions if sensitivity is a concern. High tannin content (particularly from bark-heavy extracts) may cause skin sensitization in some individuals. Contains trace amounts of eugenol, a known fragrance allergen, though the source notes the amount is likely too small to be significant.
